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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Mesencephalon
Important neurotransmitters, an astonishing array of colors, and a water pipe – that's the midbrain.
20.09.2025
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Sheep Brain: Brain Stem
It fulfills central tasks. And has adult-only structures. And colorful nuclei.
29.06.2013
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Pons
The name is not correct, but it is involved in motor function, taste, and important vegetative functions.
20.09.2025
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- Diseases
- Multiple sclerosis
MS under the microscope
MS: Damage to the axon causes a wide variety of symptoms
15.08.2025
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Sheep Brain: Basal Ganglia
The basal ganglia control motor function and happiness – but in sheep, only unhappiness has been proven.
29.06.2013
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- Glossary
Brain stem
The "trunk" of the brain, to which all other brain structures are "attached," so to speak. From bottom to top, it comprises the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the mesencephalon. It transitions into the spinal cord below. It is a center for vital functions such as breathing and heartbeat and contains ascending and descending pathways between the cerebrum, cerebellum, and spinal cord.
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- Glossary
Pons
Area in the brain stem between the medulla oblongata and the mesencephalon. It acts as a switching station for many nerve pathways between the brain and spinal cord and contains numerous nuclei, including cranial nerves and those involved in controlling motor function in cooperation with the cerebellum.
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- Glossary
Substantia nigra
A nucleus complex in the ventral mesencephalon that plays a central role in initiating and modulating movement. It appears dark due to neuromelanin. Its dopaminergic neurons project via the nigrostriatal pathways to the putamen and caudate nucleus. Failure of these neurons leads to the typical symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Cerebellar Peduncles
Always up to date: Three fiber tracts connect the cerebellum with the rest of the brain.
20.09.2025
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- Basics
- The Developing Brain
Development of a Brain
There is no process on Earth more complex than brain development
10.02.2026
