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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Brain Stem
Only thumb-sized, the brain stem regulates the body's vital systems.
05.08.2025
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- Glossary
Optic nerve
The axons (long fiber-like extensions) of the retinal ganglion cells form the optic nerve, which leaves the eye at the back of the optic disc. It comprises approximately one million axons and has a diameter of approximately seven millimeters.
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Hypothalamus
Nutrition and reproduction – these activities are controlled by the hypothalamus at the neural and hormonal levels.
01.07.2025
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Mesencephalon
Important neurotransmitters, an astonishing array of colors, and a water pipe – that's the midbrain.
20.09.2025
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- Diseases
- Multiple sclerosis
MS under the microscope
MS: Damage to the axon causes a wide variety of symptoms
15.08.2025
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- Glossary
Optic tract
The optic tract refers to the optic nerve after half of the fibers have crossed sides at the optic chiasm. However, it still consists of the axons (long fiber-like extensions) of the retinal ganglion cells. Most of the optic tract ends in the lateral geniculate nucleus, while others end in the superior colliculi, among other places.
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- News from the Institutes
AI looks deeper into visual system
Artificial intelligence models provide insights to understand the processing of visual stimuli in the brain
10.04.2025
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- Glossary
Optic chiasm
The optic chiasm is a cross-shaped junction between the optic nerves, where 50% of the optic nerve fibers change sides.
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- News from the Institutes
How saccades enable mammals to simultaneously chase prey and navigate through complex environments
How do predators use their eyesight while pursuing their prey, which is running for its life, even in completely unclear terrain?
04.02.2025
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- Discover
- The Fly
Miniature Brains
Fly brain, my foot! With just a few cells, Drosophila achieves amazing things.
24.01.2026
