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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Epithalamus
Probably not the seat of the soul after all: the pineal gland in the epithalamus.
09.10.2025
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- Glossary
Melatonin
Melatonin is a hormone released by the pineal gland in the brain when it is dark. Melatonin levels are highest at night and then decrease throughout the day. This makes it an important messenger substance for the "internal clock" and it appears to play a particularly important role in regulating sleep.
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Hypothalamus
Nutrition and reproduction – these activities are controlled by the hypothalamus at the neural and hormonal levels.
01.07.2025
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Pituitary Gland
The “queen of glands” regulates vital processes. It has nothing to do with colds.
21.03.2025
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- Glossary
Epiphysis
The epiphysis (pineal gland) is an unpaired component of the epithalamus (part of the diencephalon). It is a gland that secretes melatonin. Among other things, the epiphysis controls the "internal clock."
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- Glossary
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
A nucleus of the hypothalamus that plays a central role in circadian rhythms, including the sleep-wake cycle. It is the master clock, the body's most important internal clock, controlling melatonin production in the epiphysis. It receives direct input from the retinal ganglion cells.
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- Basics
- Anatomy
The Diencephalon
The diencephalon has four levels and performs a variety of tasks.
28.11.2025
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Glossary
15.03.2017
