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- Glossary
Bipolar cells
The bipolar cell is a bipolar neuron, i.e., a neuron with one axon and one dendrite located in the middle layer of the retina. It transmits sensory information from the photoreceptors to the ganglion cells.
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- Glossary
Efference
An axon (long, fiber-like extension of nerve cells) that conducts signals away from the central nervous system to peripheral areas, as is the case with motor function, for example, is called efferent. The opposite is afferent.
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- Glossary
Threshold potential
In order for an action potential to be triggered, the membrane potential at the axon hillock of a neuron must exceed the threshold value of approximately –50 mV (relative to the resting potential of –70 mV). This is the threshold potential. If the depolarization remains below this threshold, no action potential is triggered.
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- Glossary
Neuron
A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that is responsible for processing and transmitting information. It receives signals via its dendrites and transmits them via its axon. Transmission occurs electrically within the neuron and, between neurons, usually chemically via synapses.
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- Glossary
Projection neuron
A neuron that transmits information via its axon (long fiber-like extension of nerve cells) from one area to another, distant area, projects.
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- Glossary
Soma
The cell body, also known as the soma, is the metabolic center of the cell. In addition to the cell organelles – such as the mitochondria – it also contains the cell nucleus with the genetic material. The dendrites and axon (long, fiber-like extension of nerve cells) extend from the cell body.
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- Topic
Energy!
Neural compartments in the interplay between disease and health.
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- Topic
Communication of Cells
Whatever we feel, think, experience, and do is controlled by cells in our brain. The goal of brain research is to understand how these cells function.
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- Topic
The Connectome
The next level of anatomy
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- Diseases
- Multiple sclerosis
MS under the microscope
MS: Damage to the axon causes a wide variety of symptoms
15.08.2025
