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- Anatomy
The Striatum
The striatum is not only about complex motor skills, but also about happiness.
28.11.2025
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- News from the Institutes
AI looks deeper into visual system
Artificial intelligence models provide insights to understand the processing of visual stimuli in the brain
10.04.2025
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Glossar
15.03.2017
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- Glossary
Pallidum
The globus pallidus, also known as the pallidum, is an important nucleus of the basal ganglia. It is a motor nucleus of the extrapyramidal system involved in the regulation of movement. The pallidum has an inhibitory and an excitatory part. The Latin name pallidus – pale – refers to the color of this nucleus.
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- Glossary
Glutamate
Glutamate is an amino acid and the most important excitatory neurotransmitter, which acts as a messenger substance in the transmission of information between neurons at their synapses.
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- Glossary
Granule cell
Relatively small nerve cells found in the cortex (cerebral cortex), hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum. In the cortex, they are primarily located in layer IV and are predominantly excitatory. In the cortex of the cerebellum, they constitute 99% of the cells and form the parallel fibers.
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- Glossary
Neurotransmitter
A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger, an intermediary substance. It is released by the sender neuron at the sites of cell-cell communication and has an excitatory or inhibitory effect on the receiver neuron.
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- Glossary
Receptor
A receptor is a protein, usually located in the cell membrane or inside the cell, that recognizes a specific external signal (e.g., a neurotransmitter, hormone, or other ligand) and causes the cell to trigger a defined response. Depending on the type of receptor, this response can be excitatory, inhibitory, or modulatory.
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- Glossary
Sympathetic nervous system
Part of the autonomic nervous system, whereby the sympathetic nervous system primarily transmits excitatory impulses – in contrast to its counterpart, the parasympathetic nervous system. For example, the sympathetic nervous system activates respiration, the heart, and circulation, but it also affects the smooth muscles of all internal organs. The sympathetic nervous system uses the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
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Mediathek: Grafik & Foto
10.03.2017
